Value investing is one of the best ways to build long term wealth in the stock market. This investing style was developed by Benjamin Graham - the father of value investing, about 100 years ago.
The stocks that promise 'safety of principal' and 'adequate return' are called value stocks. These are shares of companies with good quality fundamentals and decent growth prospects.
However, do to any number of reasons these stocks can be undervalued by the market in the short term. This makes value stocks very attractive to long term investors. If purchased at the right price, these stocks can deliver very high returns.
#1 PFC
Power Finance Corporation (PFC) is a Maharatna CPSE under the Ministry of Power. It's India's largest government-owned non-banking financial company (NBFC).
It provides financing to companies operating in the power sector, specifically projects in power generation, transmission, distribution, and renewable energy.
It aims to promote balanced and integrated development of the power sector by providing finance to low-cost, efficient, and reliable projects.
On Monday, 9 February 2026, the PFC board on Friday gave in-principle approval for the merger of the non-banking finance company REC with itself.
The merger follows PFC's acquisition of the government's entire 52.63% stake in REC Limited in 2019.
As per media reports the merger will create a company worth Rs 11 trillion (tn). REC shareholders will receive 88 equity shares of PFC for every 100 equity shares held in REC.
As a government-backed financial institution, PFC does well when the government boosts infrastructure, especially in the power sector.
It's prioritising clean energy and renewable projects, supporting India's goal of a low-carbon economy and aligning its lending with the country's sustainability targets.
To know more, check out the Power Finance Corporation factsheet and quarterly results.
#2 Vodafone Idea (VI)
Vodafone Idea (VI) is one of India's leading telecom service providers with a pan India presence.
With over 200 million customers, the company covers over 1.2 bn Indians and provides network experience with 4G and steadily expanding 5G services.
After years of focusing on survival, VI has unveiled a 3-pillar strategy to return to growth by FY29.
The company aims to rebuild its subscriber base, accelerate revenue growth, and improve profitability through higher investments in its network and customer experience.
The company has earmarked Rs 450 bn in capital expenditure towards network expansion through FY29. The strategy prioritises investment in markets that contribute the most to its business.
By strengthening its network, the company expects to improve customer experience, reduce subscriber churn, and drive sustained subscriber additions.
Adding further momentum to its revival plans, shareholders approved a Rs 47.3 bn investment in June 2026 from the Aditya Birla Group through a preferential allotment of warrants.
The company has significantly reduced its bank borrowings as part of its deleveraging efforts.
Despite maintaining elevated capital expenditure to strengthen its network, cash balances remained under pressure due to continued investment in expanding and upgrading infrastructure.
As operators expand 5G networks and prepare for next-generation technologies, the industry is expected to remain a key pillar of India's digital economy.
For Vodafone Idea, the success of the revival will depend on timely fund raising, faster network expansion, and its ability to retain and attract subscribers in an intensely competitive market.
To know more, check out the Vodafone Idea's factsheet and quarterly results on our website.
#3 Indian Oil Corporation (IOC)
As India's economy grows, so does its energy demand. With demand for oil and gas on the rise, the sector has become an interesting option for long-term investors.
In the Indian energy ecosystem, IOC stands for reliability and scale. It has an extensive network of refineries, retail outlets, and energy infrastructure.
It's the largest LPG producer in India. It has the highest refining capacity in the country and operates the largest number of refineries.
IOC will invest Rs 1,660 bn over the next five years to expand its core businesses, including oil refining, fuel marketing, petrochemicals, natural gas, and renewable energy.
It's building one of India's most significant green hydrogen projects - a 10,000 tonnes per annum green hydrogen plant at its Panipat refinery, which is scheduled for commissioning by December 2027.
Also, the company is increasing its crude oil refining capacity from 80.75 m tonnes per annum to 98.4 m tonnes by 2028, by significant expansions at its Panipat, Gujarat, and Barauni refineries, as stated at the annual shareholder meeting.
Alongside refining and pipelines, IOC is targeting petrochemicals as the next growth engine, expanding capacity from the current 4.3 m tonnes per annum to over 13 m tonnes capacity by 2030, with strategic emphasis on specialty chemicals.
To know more, check out the Indian Oil Corporation's financial factsheet and quarterly result.
Conclusion
Value investing is a proven long-term investing strategy... but only if it's done right.
You can't buy any cheap stock. The quality of the business matters. The quality of the management matters. Corporate governance matters.
However, all things being the same, the cheaper the stock, the better is the long term potential returns.
This is because investors are constantly factoring in everything that could influence a company's stock price. So, if a stock is cheap the market has mostly factored in the bad news that is expected to come in the future.
This gives an opportunity to value investors. If the market has become overly pessimistic, then the stock price could be offering a margin of safety.
It's important to conduct thorough research on financials and corporate governance before making investment decisions, ensuring they align with your financial goals and risk tolerance.
You can check out the list of Top Value Stocks in India in Equitymaster's Stock Screener.
Investors should evaluate the company's fundamentals, corporate governance, and valuations of the stock as key factors when conducting due diligence before making investment decisions.
Happy investing.
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